Vitalik: The Importance of Full-Stack Openness and Verifiability

Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin published a lengthy article titled "The Importance of Full-Stack Openness and Verifiability," emphasizing the integration of the internet into real-life, encompassing areas like digital finance, health tracking, and governance. He emphasized the need for full-stack open source and verifiability (software, hardware, and biometrics) to mitigate the trust crises and power imbalances caused by centralized platforms. The article calls for integrating open-source operating systems (such as GrapheneOS) with formal verification (such as Lean Verified EVM) to develop verifiable hardware wallets and secure phones. Furthermore, the article calls for investment in low-cost biometric monitoring equipment and open-source Starlink-style infrastructure to enable the on-chain integration of ERC20-standardized assets, promoting more secure and equal access to the global economy while avoiding the backdoor and monopoly risks associated with proprietary systems.