Chainfeeds Briefing:
True performance is not just about throughput size, but the ability of a chain to remain stable and efficient under high load. This is precisely where Aptos stands out.
Article Source:
https://x.com/RayDalio/status/1915413443760337395
Article Author:
Delphi Digital
Perspective:
Delphi Digital: Most blockchain networks today focus solely on transaction execution optimization while neglecting hardware utilization in critical stages like consensus, storage, and verification, resulting in significant hardware resource idleness that reduces performance and increases costs. Aptos' approach recognizes that throughput and scalability do not depend on hardware stacking, but on the efficiency of component collaboration. By splitting transaction processes and reorganizing them into pipeline operations, Aptos achieves higher throughput, lower transaction costs, and lower validator node requirements. Aptos uses the AptosBFTv4 consensus mechanism, significantly reducing latency with fewer communication rounds: 1) Pipeline consensus supports parallel processing of multiple blocks, enhancing throughput. 2) Metadata-based consensus. Only exchanging concise transaction abstracts, reducing data transmission burden between nodes. 3) Reputation-based leader election. Prioritizing validators with high stake weight and excellent historical performance, accelerating confirmation speed. 4) Peer-to-peer communication, allowing validators to communicate directly, reducing network latency. Additionally, Aptos introduces the Quorum Store architecture, enabling consensus performance to linearly scale with node count, breaking traditional bottlenecks and achieving horizontal expansion. Aptos' parallel execution engine Block-STM (Software Transactional Memory) automatically resolves transaction conflicts during runtime, greatly improving execution efficiency. By maintaining multiple data versions, Block-STM allows concurrent transaction execution without interference. In a single-node environment, it can reach up to 170,000 TPS. The upcoming Block-STM v2 will support 256-core CPUs, further enhancing throughput to meet rapidly growing demands. Aptos optimized storage processes by first committing state updates to memory, batch processing, and then writing to disk, reducing disk operation frequency, lowering latency, and maximizing CPU utilization. Future "layered storage" solutions will intelligently categorize data based on access frequency: high-frequency data will be retained in high-speed storage, while low-frequency data will be migrated to slower storage layers, further improving overall performance. Zaptos is Aptos' latest low-latency innovation technology, overlapping multiple blockchain stages like consensus, execution, storage, and verification, expected to reduce end-to-end transaction latency by 40% under high load, achieving sub-second confirmation. Shardines is Aptos' upcoming execution layer upgrade, splitting transactions into multiple subsets (shards) and processing them in parallel across multiple machines to achieve horizontal expansion, targeting million TPS in non-conflicting transaction scenarios. This means Aptos can easily handle viral application outbreaks and sudden traffic spikes, breaking through performance bottlenecks common to other chains. In blockchain competition, mere high performance and rapid confirmation are no longer advantages, as Solana, MegaETH, Sui, and Monad all possess similar throughput and latency levels. Speed is just an "entry ticket". As DeFi drives product market fit, blockchain platforms aspiring to become the preferred internet capital market must comprehensively lead in developer experience (DevEx), security, compliance, and seamless user experience (UX). Aptos is precisely crafting an always-high-speed, stable, and future-oriented blockchain infrastructure through comprehensive optimization.
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