These perpetual contracts create greater volatility at night and on weekends, undoubtedly amplifying the risk for retail investors. For exchanges, this translates to increased trading volume, more liquidated positions, and more lucrative market-making spreads. All these costs are borne by retail investors, ignoring all the problems associated with stock asset securitization. The only benefits are trading volume and the excitement users experience from volatility. This is the "innovation" of the industry's T+0 trading: treating existing users as a private traffic pool, and then squeezing liquidity to realize profits through more asset issuance, greater asset volatility, and more derivative betting tools.