Regardless of his motivations, Vitalik's commitment to the Rollup-centric approach since 2020 remains unchanged, and he has objectively achieved a highly leveraged strategic outcome: by building a competitive L2 market, he has substantially externalized the costs of scaling R&D. EF does not need to directly invest huge sums of money; simply by setting standards, it has guided more than 10 L2 teams to independently bear all engineering and operational costs. Although EF delivers underlying support such as EIP-4844, the most expensive execution layer R&D expenditures and trial-and-error risks in scaling have been shared by the L2 track. This strategic decoupling allows Ethereum to shed outdated technical narratives at any time, preserving maximum flexibility for protocol evolution without having to pay for any single execution path.