Technical Analysis of XPIN DePIN Activity Data: Is It On-Chain or Off-Chain? It's technically unlikely that all activity data will be recorded on-chain in the XPIN DePIN structure. Due to the nature of the DePIN network, data such as node uptime, throughput, and network contribution are generated frequently and in large volumes. Recording all of this data on-chain would increase gas costs and impose a burden on block space. Therefore, if the XPIN DePIN model considers scalability, raw activity data is likely collected off-chain. A reasonable structure for on-chain data would be to focus on final verification results and settlement. This suggests that XPIN likely considered a balance between efficiency and cost in its DePIN structure. If the XPIN DePIN reward structure is a dynamic calculation model, activity scores are likely to be aggregated off-chain and then reflected on-chain. For example, node uptime, task success rate, and contribution to network stability could be quantified off-chain. These scores are then submitted to a smart contract every epoch and reflected in XPIN reward calculations. In this process, the XPIN DePIN structure can adopt a hybrid approach, recording only verified results on-chain, rather than the activity data itself. This structure ensures both computational efficiency and security. Given that many DePIN projects use this hybrid model, XPIN is likely to follow a similar design. As a result, XPIN DePIN activity data is likely to operate in a hierarchical structure with separate on-chain and off-chain components. Off-chain is responsible for data collection and score calculation, while on-chain is responsible for settlement and reward distribution. This approach ensures that the XPIN DePIN reward system is scalable while maintaining transparency. Furthermore, only the accumulated reward value and final contribution score are recorded in the smart contract, reducing computational burden. Technically, the XPIN DePIN model is most likely a verification-based hybrid settlement system, rather than a purely on-chain structure. XPIN Official Links Website / Twitter (X) / Community #XPIN