In 2025, Layer 1 activity increasingly split across distinct roles and narratives. Speculation concentrated on a handful of high-throughput venues, Ethereum leaned further into its rollup-centric roadmap, and the base layer kept fragmenting.
Here are some key L1 trends from 2025

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6/ Specialization kept accelerating and consolidation still feels remote.
Privacy chains became a headline narrative, new performant L1s targeted web2-like UX, and app-chain hubs matured as coordination layers for app-specific chains.

7/ The L1 ecosystem ends 2025 more segmented than it started, with speculation concentrating on a few hubs.
Check out the 2026 Digital Assets Outlook for full breakdown.
Thank you to @GK8_Security for sponsoring the report.