Source: AiYing Compliance
Initially, stablecoins were mainly used for collateral and settlement between cryptocurrency traders, but as technology and markets mature, their application scenarios have expanded rapidly, especially in emerging markets with weak financial infrastructure. Recent research from institutions such as Visa and Castle Island Ventures shows that stablecoins have gone beyond their speculative uses and have gradually become an important part of the global financial system, especially in emerging economies such as Brazil, Nigeria, Turkey, Indonesia and India.
Users in these markets have found that stablecoins can not only serve as investment tools, but also provide them with more efficient channels for remittances, payments and savings, especially when local currencies are unstable and banking services are not widely available. Stablecoins are subverting traditional financial models and becoming an effective means to deal with currency depreciation and inflation in these markets, and also providing a new direction for global financial services.
Related articles:
[10,000-word research report] Stablecoin track: models, operating principles, trends and thoughts on Hong Kong stablecoins;
Aiying will use Visa's stablecoin report to organize the rise of stablecoins in emerging markets, their actual application scenarios, and their far-reaching impact on the global financial industry.
1. Growth trend of global stablecoins
In recent years, the growth rate of stablecoins has been remarkable, especially in the context of uncertainty in the global financial environment, stablecoins have become an effective tool for many countries and regions to cope with economic challenges. In the first half of 2024, the global stablecoin settlement amount reached a staggering $2.6 trillion , and this figure is expected to rise to $5.28 trillion for the whole year. This phenomenon shows that the use of stablecoins has surpassed the cyclical fluctuations of the cryptocurrency market and has gradually become a key tool in the global financial system.
1. Rapid growth in supply
Since 2020, the global supply of stablecoins has continued to rise, especially dollar-pegged stablecoins such as USDT (Tether) and USDC . By 2024, the total circulating supply of stablecoins has exceeded $160 billion , compared to only a few billion in 2020. This substantial growth not only reflects the strong market demand for stablecoins, but also highlights its huge potential in solving cross-border payments, savings protection, and currency conversion.
(Stablecoin supply by issuer)
2. Steady growth in user engagement
As the supply increases, the user activity of stablecoins has also increased significantly. The report shows that in 2024, there will be more than 20 million active addresses trading stablecoins on the blockchain every month. In line with this, the number of transactions has also continued to rise steadily, showing that users' daily dependence on stablecoins is increasing. Whether used for personal savings or for payments and remittances, stablecoins are increasingly integrated into global economic activities.
3. Crossing the cryptocurrency market cycle
It is worth noting that although the cryptocurrency market experienced greater volatility and a downward cycle from 2022 to 2023, the trading volume and usage frequency of stablecoins were not significantly affected. This shows that stablecoins are no longer just tools in the cryptocurrency market, and their application scenarios are rapidly expanding to the real economy. Especially in emerging markets, the stability and global accessibility of stablecoins make them an important means to combat currency depreciation and financial instability.
(Comparison of cryptocurrency spot trading volume and the number of monthly active stablecoin sending addresses)
This rapidly growing trend shows that stablecoins are no longer just a safe haven for cryptocurrency investors, but have become an important supplement to the limitations of the traditional financial system around the world, especially in emerging markets. As more and more countries and regions explore the inclusion of stablecoins in the financial system, industry practitioners are facing huge development opportunities.
2. The trend of stablecoins towards dollarization
According to the report data, 98.97% of the stablecoin supply is pegged to the US dollar , while only 0.62% is pegged to gold , 0.38% is pegged to the euro , and other types of pegged assets account for only 0.04% . This shows that although there are other stablecoins pegged to the euro, gold, and even the renminbi on the market, users and businesses prefer to use stablecoins pegged to the US dollar for transactions and savings.
(Asset-pegged ratio of stablecoin supply)
The share of different currencies in the global economy , including the share of the US dollar, euro, yen and renminbi in various financial sectors. Specifically, the chart compares the global market share of these currencies in the following areas: foreign exchange reserves, international debt, international loans, international payments (SWIFT), foreign exchange transactions , and stablecoins . The chart shows that the US dollar dominates these areas, especially in foreign exchange reserves , international payments , foreign exchange transactions , and stablecoins , with a market share close to or exceeding 60%.
(Share of different currencies in the global economy)
Although some stablecoins are pegged to the euro, gold, etc., their market share is extremely small. This is because the frequency and convenience of these currencies in international trade, savings and payments are far less extensive than the US dollar. The international influence and liquidity of the US dollar make it the dominant force in the stablecoin market.
3. Stablecoin revolution in emerging markets: Insights from a five-country survey
(Changes in the use of stablecoins in five countries)
The report analyzes how 2,541 cryptocurrency users use stablecoins in their daily lives through an in-depth survey of five emerging markets (Brazil, Nigeria, Turkey, Indonesia, and India). Users in these markets are gradually viewing stablecoins as financial tools to address economic challenges in their respective countries, including currency depreciation, high inflation, and cross-border payment difficulties. The following is Aiying's detailed analysis of the use of stablecoins in these five countries:
1. Nigeria: To avoid the depreciation of the naira, stablecoins become a substitute for the US dollar
Nigeria is the most prominent in the use of stablecoins, and is one of the countries with the most extensive stablecoin use among the five emerging markets. As the Naira continues to depreciate, many Nigerian users use stablecoins, especially those pegged to the US dollar (such as USDT), as a hedging tool to protect their wealth from the depreciation of the local currency.
Uses : The report shows that Nigerian users mainly use stablecoins to save US dollars and regard them as a savings tool outside the local banking system. In addition, stablecoins are also widely used for remittances and payments for goods and services , helping users bypass the banking system and complete daily payments and transactions. This makes stablecoins an important part of Nigerians' daily lives, especially in the context of currency turmoil and severe inflation.
Actual scenarios : For example, Nigerian users often use stablecoins to send remittances to relatives working abroad or purchase goods on international e-commerce platforms, thereby avoiding high foreign exchange fees and the inconvenience of the banking system.
2. Türkiye: A tool to deal with high inflation and seek returns
Turkey is also an important market for stablecoins, especially in the context of high inflation in the country, where users are increasingly using stablecoins to earn returns . Due to the continued depreciation of the local currency (Turkish lira), users hope to earn returns on decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms through stablecoins to combat the shrinking wealth caused by inflation.
Preferred public chain : The report points out that when using stablecoins, Turkish users usually prefer to trade on mainstream blockchain platforms such as Ethereum and Binance Smart Chain . These platforms not only provide high liquidity, but also support a variety of decentralized financial applications, enabling users to obtain higher returns by holding stablecoins.
Actual scenario : Many Turkish users use stablecoins to participate in financial activities such as decentralized lending and liquidity mining to earn additional income to make up for the economic losses caused by currency depreciation.
3. Indonesia: A convenient tool for currency conversion and arbitrage
In Indonesia, the main use of stablecoins is concentrated in currency conversion and arbitrage transactions . The report pointed out that Indonesian users are much more efficient in currency exchange and international payments through stablecoins than in the traditional banking system, which is one of the main reasons for the rapid popularity of stablecoins in the country.
Uses : Stablecoins are widely used in commercial payments and cross-border transactions , especially when foreign exchange conversion or large international transactions are required. The fast settlement and low transaction fees of stablecoins enable businesses and individual users to bypass the complex processes of traditional banks, saving time and costs.
Actual scenario : Small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia use stablecoins for cross-border trade settlement , which greatly reduces the cumbersome procedures of traditional banks. In addition, some individual users use stablecoins to conduct arbitrage operations between different trading platforms to obtain profits from exchange rate fluctuations.
4. India: A versatile financial tool for savings and payments
The number of cryptocurrency and stablecoin users in India is growing rapidly, and stablecoins are gradually becoming an important financial tool in India, especially for savings and US dollar transactions . Due to the instability of India's local currency (rupee), some users choose to convert their funds into stablecoins pegged to the US dollar to preserve value.
Uses : Indian users use stablecoins for savings to avoid the depreciation of the local currency. In addition, many users also use stablecoins for daily payments and commercial purposes , through which they trade goods and services, and even as a tool for salary payment.
Actual scenarios : For example, some companies are starting to pay their overseas partners via stablecoins, reducing cross-border transfer delays and high fees from traditional banks.
5. Brazil: An effective means of remittances and cross-border trade
In Brazil, stablecoins are mainly used for remittances and commodity payments . Stablecoins provide a more convenient and lower-cost solution when processing cross-border remittances, which has led to their increasing use in Brazil. In particular, companies and individuals who rely on cross-border trade have found that settlement through stablecoins can not only avoid the complex banking system, but also save a lot of transaction costs.
Uses : When Brazilian users remit money through stablecoins, they can avoid the high fees of traditional banks and enjoy faster arrival time. Therefore, stablecoins have gradually become the first choice for remittance tools . In addition, some Brazilian companies have begun to use stablecoins for cross-border trade settlement, especially when large amounts of funds are needed. The use of stablecoins is more flexible than traditional financial instruments.
Actual scenarios : For example, freelancers in Brazil receive payments from global clients via stablecoins, greatly improving settlement efficiency while reducing currency exchange losses.
4. Expansion of stablecoin usage: from speculation to practical application
Stablecoins were initially used as value storage and risk hedging tools in cryptocurrency transactions, but as global economic instability intensifies, especially in some emerging markets, the use of stablecoins has gradually expanded to a wider range of practical application scenarios . The report data shows that users not only use stablecoins for savings, but also use them for various activities such as salary payments, commodity payments, exchange rate conversions, and income collection. This transformation shows the upgrade process of stablecoins from a purely speculative tool to an everyday financial tool.
(Questionnaire: The main purpose of users using stablecoins)
Aiying found that what was surprising about this questionnaire was that nearly half of the users used stablecoins mainly for cryptocurrency or NFT transactions, which shows that MeMe has played a great role in promoting and popularizing Web3 education.
(Main usage scenarios in stablecoin applications)
Using stablecoins to pay for goods or services and using stablecoins for international remittances (about 45%): These two applications are also very common, indicating that stablecoins are widely used for daily consumption and cross-border remittances, especially in scenarios where faster and cheaper payment methods are needed.
Used for business transactions and wage payments : More than 30% of users have used stablecoins to process business transactions or wage payments, indicating that stablecoins are also being incorporated into financial management by companies and enterprises, especially in multinational companies and remote work scenarios.
The summary is mainly driven by the following factors:
1. Savings: Avoid currency depreciation and provide security for US dollar savings
An important use of stablecoins is to provide users with an alternative to US dollar savings , especially in countries where the local currency is experiencing depreciation pressure or inflation, where stablecoins have become a safe haven. The report pointed out that about 47% of users choose to use stablecoins to save in US dollars to avoid wealth shrinkage caused by the depreciation of local currencies.
User motivation : In high-inflation countries such as Nigeria and Turkey, users choose to deposit funds in stablecoins pegged to the US dollar to protect their wealth from the depreciation of their own currencies. Stablecoins provide a way to bypass the traditional banking system, allowing users to quickly store and use US dollars around the world.
Actual application scenarios : For example, Nigerian users convert their funds into USDT for storage instead of depositing them in their domestic bank accounts to avoid wealth loss caused by the depreciation of the Naira.
2. Profit acquisition: Earn passive income through decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms
With the popularity of decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, more and more users are earning income by depositing stablecoins into DeFi protocols, similar to fixed deposits or investments in traditional finance . The report shows that 39% of users said they earn income through stablecoins, a phenomenon that is particularly prominent in emerging markets.
DeFi and income : DeFi platforms allow users to participate in liquidity mining or lending protocols by staking stablecoins , and then receive interest or token rewards. Compared with the low interest rates of the traditional banking system, DeFi protocols often offer higher annualized yields.
Practical application scenarios : Users in Turkey can earn higher returns than traditional financial institutions by depositing USDT or USDC in DeFi protocols such as Aave or Compound. This is also a strategy to cope with the depreciation of the local currency.
3. Exchange rate conversion: efficient currency exchange tool
Stablecoins also provide users with more efficient exchange rate conversion services than the traditional banking system, especially in the field of cross-border payments or remittances. Traditional banks' foreign exchange conversion fees are high and the process is cumbersome, while using stablecoins for currency conversion is not only low-cost but also can be settled quickly.
User behavior : The report points out that 43% of users use stablecoins for currency conversion, especially when cross-border payments or international trade are required. The borderless nature of stablecoins makes it an ideal tool.
Actual application scenarios : Small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia use USDT or USDC for international payments, bypassing the foreign exchange exchange process and high fees of traditional banks, and completing transactions at a more favorable exchange rate. In addition, individual users also tend to use stablecoins for exchange when traveling overseas or making cross-border purchases, enjoying the convenience of instant settlement.
5. Profound impact on financial infrastructure
As the use of stablecoins expands rapidly around the world, especially in emerging markets, it has had a significant impact on traditional financial infrastructure. Stablecoins have not only changed the landscape of cross-border payments, but have also significantly improved financial inclusion, allowing more users to participate in the global economy. This change has brought new challenges and opportunities to the role and efficiency of the global financial system.
1. Cross-border payments: a more efficient and transparent payment method
Traditional cross-border payment systems often have cumbersome processes, long processing times, and high transaction fees due to the presence of intermediaries. This particularly affects individuals and businesses that rely on international trade and remittances, especially in developing countries, where such transactions may take days to complete and the fees are as high as several percentage points of the transaction amount.
Advantages of stablecoins : The decentralized nature of stablecoins eliminates many intermediaries, making cross-border payments more transparent, efficient and low-cost. Through blockchain technology, stablecoins can complete global fund transfers in a few minutes, and the fees are only a fraction of traditional bank transfers. This is especially important in emerging markets, as users in many countries rely on remittances or international payments to make a living or conduct business.
Actual application scenarios : For example, individuals and businesses in Nigeria use stablecoins (such as USDT or USDC) to remit money to relatives or business partners abroad, which not only saves the cumbersome procedures of the banking system, but also avoids high foreign exchange conversion and transfer fees. Similarly, small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia use stablecoins for cross-border trade payments, which improves transaction efficiency and increases profit margins by reducing intermediary fees.
Eliminating intermediaries : The application of stablecoins eliminates intermediaries in traditional finance such as banks, payment processors, etc., which greatly shortens the settlement time and enables funds to be cleared within a few minutes. And through the transparency of blockchain, all transactions can be tracked and verified in the public ledger, which enhances trust and transparency.
2. Financial inclusion: Providing opportunities to underserved groups
Financial inclusion has always been a challenge for the global financial system, especially in emerging markets where many people do not have access to traditional banking services. These people may not be able to open a bank account or obtain loan and savings services due to lack of sufficient identification, credit history or living in remote areas.
Stablecoins lower the entry barrier : The application of stablecoins does not rely on traditional banking infrastructure. As long as users have an Internet connection and a crypto wallet, they can participate in global financial activities. It provides storage, transfer and payment methods for people who are excluded from the banking system in a decentralized way, enabling them to participate in the global economy .
Help from decentralized finance (DeFi) : Stablecoins combined with decentralized finance (DeFi) further enhance financial inclusion. Users can obtain loans by staking stablecoins or get returns on savings through DeFi protocols without the high deposits or credit assessments required by traditional banks.
Practical application scenarios : For example, users in Turkey and Nigeria bypass the restrictions of local banks through stablecoins and use stablecoins for savings and payments. At the same time, many immigrants working abroad use stablecoins to remit money to their families, and these funds can be quickly received by their families and used for daily consumption without going through expensive and inefficient remittance services. Many small businesses in India and Brazil also use stablecoins to pay international suppliers, avoiding delays and fees in the traditional financial system.
3. Reduce financial exclusion
The traditional financial system often requires users to provide a lot of identity proof and credit history, which prevents a large number of low-income, unbanked or credit-poor individuals from participating in financial activities, especially in rural or economically sluggish areas. Stablecoins eliminate these barriers through blockchain technology and digital wallets, allowing financial services to reach previously excluded user groups.
The key to solving the problem : Stablecoins do not require complicated account opening procedures. Users only need to download a digital wallet to use stablecoins for financial activities such as storage, payment, and cross-border transfers. Most of these wallet applications can be used on smartphones, which is particularly important in emerging markets where mobile phone penetration rates are higher than bank account ownership rates.
Practical application scenarios : In remote areas of Indonesia and India, many users have obtained financial services through stablecoins, which was unimaginable before. Through mobile applications and stablecoins, they can deposit their savings in more stable digital dollars, avoid losses caused by currency depreciation, and participate in international trade and payments, thus breaking the long-term financial exclusion phenomenon.
6. Stablecoin public chain: building a new cornerstone of the global payment network
The rapid popularity and widespread use of stablecoins in financial activities such as cross-border payments, savings, and remittances are inseparable from the powerful blockchain technology behind them. Different blockchain platforms offer different speeds, costs, and security, which directly affects the user experience and the use scenarios of stablecoins. The following are several major blockchain platforms pointed out in the report and the digital wallets commonly used by users.
1. Mainstream blockchain platforms: balance between speed, cost and security
The issuance and trading of stablecoins cannot be separated from the support of blockchain platforms. According to the report, Ethereum , Binance Smart Chain (BSC) , Solana and Tron are the most popular mainstream platforms for users to trade stablecoins. These platforms have their own characteristics, and users choose them based on their specific needs, such as transaction speed, fees, platform security, etc.
Stablecoin transaction volume of each chain (calculated on a monthly basis)
(Monthly active sending addresses of stablecoins on different chains)
(Changes in the number of monthly active sending addresses of stablecoins on each chain)
Ethereum :
Reasons for popularity : Ethereum is one of the earliest and most influential smart contract platforms, supporting the issuance of multiple stablecoins such as USDT, USDC and DAI. Although Ethereum's transaction fees (Gas fees) are relatively high, its strong security and ecosystem have attracted a large number of users, especially in high-value transactions and decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms.
Application scenarios : Users tend to choose this platform when trading stablecoins on Ethereum, especially when depositing and withdrawing income on DeFi protocols or participating in liquidity mining, because it provides a wealth of financial applications.
Binance Smart Chain (BSC) :
Reasons for popularity : BSC is known for its low cost and high speed , especially in the case of large transaction volume, which attracts a large number of users who need to complete stablecoin transfers quickly. Compared with Ethereum, BSC's transaction fees are very low, so it has more advantages in processing small payments and frequent transactions.
Application scenarios : Many small and medium-sized enterprises and individual users prefer to use BSC for stablecoin transactions, especially in cross-border payments or commodity purchases. Its fast settlement and low fees are very attractive to cost-sensitive users.
Solana :
Reasons for popularity : Solana has gradually become another popular choice for stablecoin transactions due to its ultra-high transaction speed and extremely low transaction costs . Its ability to process thousands of transactions per second makes it an ideal platform for high-frequency trading and large-scale payment scenarios.
Application scenarios : Solana is widely used in scenarios that require efficient payment and instant settlement, especially for cross-border e-commerce and large payment network users, which can greatly improve transaction efficiency.
Tron :
Reasons for popularity : Tron is known for its extremely low transaction fees and is the preferred platform for small payments and high-frequency trading users. The report pointed out that Tron has become an important choice for stablecoin users in many emerging markets because its transaction costs are almost zero and it can quickly process a large number of small transfers.
Application scenarios : Tron’s low-fee structure is very suitable for daily remittances, payments, and frequent small transactions. Especially in developing countries such as Nigeria and Indonesia, users are more willing to use Tron for cross-border transfers and commodity payments in stablecoins.
2. Use of digital wallets: custodial and non-custodial options
In addition to blockchain platforms, digital wallets play a vital role in the storage and use of stablecoins. The report shows that users usually use exchange wallets and non-custodial wallets (self-custodial wallets) to manage their stablecoin assets.
（The most commonly used blockchain wallet by users）
Exchange wallet :
Binance Wallet : As one of the world's largest cryptocurrency trading platforms, Binance provides users with a convenient and secure exchange wallet service. Users can easily manage and transfer their stablecoin assets on the Binance platform and trade and exchange various cryptocurrencies.
Trust Wallet : Trust Wallet is a mobile wallet associated with Binance that supports a wide range of cryptocurrencies and stablecoins. It is known for its ease of use and support for a variety of blockchain assets, especially in emerging markets where it has a large user base. Users can use Trust Wallet to make payments, store and transfer money on their mobile phones, which is convenient and fast.
Non-custodial wallets (self-custodial wallets) :
MetaMask : MetaMask is one of the most commonly used non-custodial wallets. Users can directly manage their private keys through it and have full control over their assets. MetaMask supports stablecoin transactions on Ethereum and other EVM-compatible chains, especially in the DeFi field. Users can participate in decentralized financial activities such as lending and liquidity mining through MetaMask.
Advantages : Compared with exchange wallets, non-custodial wallets provide higher security and privacy . Users directly control their own private keys and funds without having to rely on centralized exchanges, which is very important for many users who value asset security.
7. User trust in stablecoins: Tether’s dominance and the growth trend of stablecoins
As the application of stablecoins continues to expand around the world, users' trust in them has gradually increased. In particular, stablecoins play a key role in combating currency fluctuations and facilitating cross-border payments. The report particularly emphasizes Tether's (USDT) dominance in the stablecoin market. Despite the existence of other competitors, Tether is still the preferred stablecoin for users due to its extensive liquidity, long-term trust of users and huge market share.
(Changes in Tether (USDT) market share in stablecoin supply)
1. Tether (USDT) Dominance
As the earliest issued stablecoin, Tether (USDT) not only has a long market history, but its market share has also remained strong, becoming the world's most traded stablecoin. According to the report data, Tether accounts for most of the total supply of stablecoins, especially in emerging markets and global cryptocurrency exchanges, where Tether is widely used for transactions, savings and payments.
Liquidity advantage : Tether's biggest advantage lies in its strong liquidity . Since Tether is pegged to the US dollar at a 1:1 ratio, users can easily exchange Tether for US dollars or other crypto assets. This convenient liquidity makes Tether the preferred tool for cryptocurrency traders and cross-border payment users. Whether it is high-frequency trading or large-value transfers, Tether can ensure rapid and stable settlement.
User trust : Users trust Tether mainly based on its long-term stable market performance. Although there have been doubts about the transparency of Tether's reserves in the past, it has been widely recognized by users as the world's most liquid stablecoin. In the global market, Tether's trading pairs cover most mainstream cryptocurrencies, allowing users to conveniently use Tether as an intermediary tool when trading.
Widely used network : Tether not only exists on multiple blockchains such as Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, and Tron, but is also supported by the vast majority of cryptocurrency exchanges and decentralized financial platforms around the world. Whether users are trading on centralized exchanges or participating in liquidity mining through DeFi protocols, Tether is almost everywhere. The report specifically points out that Tether's widespread use of the network has kept its trust among users high.
2. Behind the Trust of Stablecoins: Transparency and Compliance
Users’ trust in stablecoins also relies on the transparency and compliance of the issuer. Tether has been able to maintain its dominance in the market, in addition to its liquidity and long-term performance, because of its continuous efforts to improve transparency and work with global regulators to ensure the legality and compliance of its operations.
Improved transparency : Although Tether has been questioned for its reserve issues, in recent years, Tether has increased the transparency of its reserves and regularly released audit reports to prove to users that its stablecoins are indeed fully backed by US dollar assets. This increase in transparency helps to enhance users' trust, especially under the supervision of regulators, users are more confident that the stablecoins they hold are safe.
Strengthening compliance : As countries around the world gradually strengthen their regulation of cryptocurrencies, stablecoin issuers need to ensure that they comply with the legal requirements of each country. Tether works with regulators in multiple jurisdictions to ensure that it can operate legally and provide reliable services to users. Strengthening compliance not only protects the interests of users, but also further enhances Tether's trust in the global market.
8. Regulatory challenges: Regulatory concerns raised by cross-border use and currency substitution
Although stablecoins play an increasingly important role in the global financial system, their widespread use has also attracted the attention of regulators in various countries. In particular, the potential impact of stablecoins on sovereign currencies has become one of the focuses of regulatory discussions in various countries on cross-border transactions and currency substitution.
Complexity of cross-border use : The cross-border use of stablecoins provides unprecedented convenience for global users, but it also poses considerable challenges to regulators in various countries. Traditional cross-border payments and fund transfers are subject to strict financial controls, and central banks and governments have clear regulatory provisions on capital flows. However, stablecoins bypass these traditional systems, allowing funds to flow freely across borders, weakening the central bank's ability to control fund flows. This rapid flow of capital may lead to capital flight, monetary policy failure, and potential threats to financial stability.
Risk of substitution for sovereign currencies : The widespread use of stablecoins, especially US dollar stablecoins, has become a de facto "currency substitute" in many economically unstable countries. Due to their distrust of local currencies, users and businesses store a large amount of assets in stablecoins, which weakens the use and trust of local currencies. This phenomenon is particularly evident in countries with high inflation . In the long run, it may pose a threat to the status of sovereign currencies and even lead to the destabilization of the national monetary system.
Regulatory uncertainty : As stablecoins are increasingly used, regulators around the world have begun to take action to try to establish a clear regulatory framework for stablecoins. Although some countries, such as the United States and the European Union, have begun to discuss and formulate relevant regulatory laws, a unified regulatory standard has not yet been formed globally. How stablecoin issuers can ensure the transparency of reserves, how to deal with the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing, and how to align with the regulatory frameworks of various countries are all key challenges that the stablecoin industry will face in the future.
Actual cases : For example, the United States’ Stablecoin Transparency Act and the European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets Act (MiCA) have begun to establish transparency requirements and reserve audit systems for stablecoin issuers. At the same time, some emerging market countries are considering restricting the circulation of stablecoins by strengthening the regulation of their own currencies. In the future, the compliance issues of global stablecoins will determine whether they can continue to expand rapidly and their legitimacy in the financial system.
